An electrical device consisting of two or more coupled windings, with or without a magnetic core, for introducing mutual coupling between electric circuits. Transformers can be used to control voltage and phase shift (active power flow).
A power transformer may be composed of separate transformer tanks that need not be identical.
A power transformer can be modelled with or without tanks and is intended for use in both balanced and unbalanced representations. A power transformer typically has two terminals, but may have one (grounding), three or more terminals.
The inherited association ConductingEquipment.BaseVoltage should not be used. The association from TransformerEnd to BaseVoltage should be used instead.
An assembly of two or more coupled windings that transform electrical power between voltage levels. These windings are bound on a common core and placed in the same tank. Transformer tank can be used to model both single-phase and 3-phase transformers.
No Additional ItemsAn assembly of two or more coupled windings that transform electrical power between voltage levels. These windings are bound on a common core and placed in the same tank. Transformer tank can be used to model both single-phase and 3-phase transformers.
Transformer tank end represents an individual winding for unbalanced models or for transformer tanks connected into a bank (and bank is modelled with the PowerTransformer).
No Additional ItemsTransformer tank end represents an individual winding for unbalanced models or for transformer tanks connected into a bank (and bank is modelled with the PowerTransformer).
An AC electrical connection point to a piece of conducting equipment. Terminals are connected at physical connection points called connectivity nodes.
No Additional ItemsAn AC electrical connection point to a piece of conducting equipment. Terminals are connected at physical connection points called connectivity nodes.
The connected status is related to a bus-branch model and the topological node to terminal relation. True implies the terminal is connected to the related topological node and false implies it is not.
In a bus-branch model, the connected status is used to tell if equipment is disconnected without having to change the connectivity described by the topological node to terminal relation. A valid case is that conducting equipment can be connected in one end and open in the other. In particular for an AC line segment, where the reactive line charging can be significant, this is a relevant case.
Represents the normal network phasing condition. If the attribute is missing, three phases (ABC) shall be assumed, except for terminals of grounding classes (specializations of EarthFaultCompensator, GroundDisconnector, and Ground) which will be assumed to be N. Therefore, phase code ABCN is explicitly declared when needed, e.g. for star point grounding equipment.
The phase code on terminals connecting same ConnectivityNode or same TopologicalNode as well as for equipment between two terminals shall be consistent.
The orientation of the terminal connections for a multiple terminal conducting equipment. The sequence numbering starts with 1 and additional terminals should follow in increasing order. The first terminal is the "starting point" for a two terminal branch.
The description is a free human readable text describing or naming the object. It may be non unique and may not correlate to a naming hierarchy.
The aliasName is free text human readable name of the object alternative to IdentifiedObject.name. It may be non unique and may not correlate to a naming hierarchy.
The attribute aliasName is retained because of backwards compatibility between CIM relases. It is however recommended to replace aliasName with the Name class as aliasName is planned for retirement at a future time.
Master resource identifier issued by a model authority. The mRID is unique within an exchange context. Global uniqueness is easily achieved by using a UUID, as specified in RFC 4122, for the mRID. The use of UUID is strongly recommended.
For CIMXML data files in RDF syntax conforming to IEC 61970-552, the mRID is mapped to rdf:ID or rdf:about attributes that identify CIM object elements.
The name is any free human readable and possibly non unique text naming the object.
Core shunt magnetizing susceptance in the saturation region.
nan
nan
Normally 0 to 100 on a defined base.
Number for this transformer end, corresponding to the end's order in the power transformer vector group or phase angle clock number. Highest voltage winding should be 1. Each end within a power transformer should have a unique subsequent end number. Note the transformer end number need not match the terminal sequence number.
(for Yn and Zn connections) True if the neutral is solidly grounded.
The reference voltage at which the magnetizing saturation measurements were made.
nan
Core magnetizing saturation curve knee flux level.
Same definition as TransformerEnd.bmagSatDescribes the phases carried by a conducting equipment.
Same definition as Terminal.phases(for Yn and Zn connections) Resistance part of neutral impedance where 'grounded' is true.
nan
(for Yn and Zn connections) Reactive part of neutral impedance where 'grounded' is true.
nan
The description is a free human readable text describing or naming the object. It may be non unique and may not correlate to a naming hierarchy.
The aliasName is free text human readable name of the object alternative to IdentifiedObject.name. It may be non unique and may not correlate to a naming hierarchy.
The attribute aliasName is retained because of backwards compatibility between CIM relases. It is however recommended to replace aliasName with the Name class as aliasName is planned for retirement at a future time.
Master resource identifier issued by a model authority. The mRID is unique within an exchange context. Global uniqueness is easily achieved by using a UUID, as specified in RFC 4122, for the mRID. The use of UUID is strongly recommended.
For CIMXML data files in RDF syntax conforming to IEC 61970-552, the mRID is mapped to rdf:ID or rdf:about attributes that identify CIM object elements.
The name is any free human readable and possibly non unique text naming the object.
State variable for status.
No Additional ItemsState variable for status.
The in service status as a result of topology processing. It indicates if the equipment is considered as energized by the power flow. It reflects if the equipment is connected within a solvable island. It does not necessarily reflect whether or not the island was solved by the power flow.
The individual phase status. If the attribute is unspecified, then three phase model is assumed.
The aggregate flag provides an alternative way of representing an aggregated (equivalent) element. It is applicable in cases when the dedicated classes for equivalent equipment do not have all of the attributes necessary to represent the required level of detail. In case the flag is set to “true” the single instance of equipment represents multiple pieces of equipment that have been modelled together as an aggregate equivalent obtained by a network reduction procedure. Examples would be power transformers or synchronous machines operating in parallel modelled as a single aggregate power transformer or aggregate synchronous machine.
The attribute is not used for EquivalentBranch, EquivalentShunt and EquivalentInjection.
The equipment is enabled to participate in network analysis. If unspecified, the value is assumed to be true.
Specifies the availability of the equipment under normal operating conditions. True means the equipment is available for topology processing, which determines if the equipment is energized or not. False means that the equipment is treated by network applications as if it is not in the model.
Specifies the availability of the equipment. True means the equipment is available for topology processing, which determines if the equipment is energized or not. False means that the equipment is treated by network applications as if it is not in the model.
The description is a free human readable text describing or naming the object. It may be non unique and may not correlate to a naming hierarchy.
The aliasName is free text human readable name of the object alternative to IdentifiedObject.name. It may be non unique and may not correlate to a naming hierarchy.
The attribute aliasName is retained because of backwards compatibility between CIM relases. It is however recommended to replace aliasName with the Name class as aliasName is planned for retirement at a future time.
Master resource identifier issued by a model authority. The mRID is unique within an exchange context. Global uniqueness is easily achieved by using a UUID, as specified in RFC 4122, for the mRID. The use of UUID is strongly recommended.
For CIMXML data files in RDF syntax conforming to IEC 61970-552, the mRID is mapped to rdf:ID or rdf:about attributes that identify CIM object elements.
The name is any free human readable and possibly non unique text naming the object.
A PowerTransformerEnd is associated with each Terminal of a PowerTransformer.
The impedance values r, r0, x, and x0 of a PowerTransformerEnd represents a star equivalent as follows.
1) for a two Terminal PowerTransformer the high voltage (TransformerEnd.endNumber=1) PowerTransformerEnd has non zero values on r, r0, x, and x0 while the low voltage (TransformerEnd.endNumber=2) PowerTransformerEnd has zero values for r, r0, x, and x0. Parameters are always provided, even if the PowerTransformerEnds have the same rated voltage. In this case, the parameters are provided at the PowerTransformerEnd which has TransformerEnd.endNumber equal to 1.
2) for a three Terminal PowerTransformer the three PowerTransformerEnds represent a star equivalent with each leg in the star represented by r, r0, x, and x0 values.
3) For a three Terminal transformer each PowerTransformerEnd shall have g, g0, b and b0 values corresponding to the no load losses distributed on the three PowerTransformerEnds. The total no load loss shunt impedances may also be placed at one of the PowerTransformerEnds, preferably the end numbered 1, having the shunt values on end 1. This is the preferred way.
4) for a PowerTransformer with more than three Terminals the PowerTransformerEnd impedance values cannot be used. Instead use the TransformerMeshImpedance or split the transformer into multiple PowerTransformers.
Each PowerTransformerEnd must be contained by a PowerTransformer. Because a PowerTransformerEnd (or any other object) can not be contained by more than one parent, a PowerTransformerEnd can not have an association to an EquipmentContainer (Substation, VoltageLevel, etc).
A PowerTransformerEnd is associated with each Terminal of a PowerTransformer.
The impedance values r, r0, x, and x0 of a PowerTransformerEnd represents a star equivalent as follows.
1) for a two Terminal PowerTransformer the high voltage (TransformerEnd.endNumber=1) PowerTransformerEnd has non zero values on r, r0, x, and x0 while the low voltage (TransformerEnd.endNumber=2) PowerTransformerEnd has zero values for r, r0, x, and x0. Parameters are always provided, even if the PowerTransformerEnds have the same rated voltage. In this case, the parameters are provided at the PowerTransformerEnd which has TransformerEnd.endNumber equal to 1.
2) for a three Terminal PowerTransformer the three PowerTransformerEnds represent a star equivalent with each leg in the star represented by r, r0, x, and x0 values.
3) For a three Terminal transformer each PowerTransformerEnd shall have g, g0, b and b0 values corresponding to the no load losses distributed on the three PowerTransformerEnds. The total no load loss shunt impedances may also be placed at one of the PowerTransformerEnds, preferably the end numbered 1, having the shunt values on end 1. This is the preferred way.
4) for a PowerTransformer with more than three Terminals the PowerTransformerEnd impedance values cannot be used. Instead use the TransformerMeshImpedance or split the transformer into multiple PowerTransformers.
Each PowerTransformerEnd must be contained by a PowerTransformer. Because a PowerTransformerEnd (or any other object) can not be contained by more than one parent, a PowerTransformerEnd can not have an association to an EquipmentContainer (Substation, VoltageLevel, etc).
An AC electrical connection point to a piece of conducting equipment. Terminals are connected at physical connection points called connectivity nodes.
No Additional ItemsAn AC electrical connection point to a piece of conducting equipment. Terminals are connected at physical connection points called connectivity nodes.
Same definition as TerminalTransformer mesh impedance (Delta-model) between transformer ends.
The typical case is that this class describes the impedance between two transformer ends pair-wise, i.e. the cardinalities at both transformer end associations are 1. However, in cases where two or more transformer ends are modelled the cardinalities are larger than 1.
Resistance between the 'from' and the 'to' end, seen from the 'from' end.
Same definition as TransformerEnd.rgroundZero-sequence resistance between the 'from' and the 'to' end, seen from the 'from' end.
Same definition as TransformerEnd.rgroundReactance between the 'from' and the 'to' end, seen from the 'from' end.
Same definition as TransformerEnd.xgroundZero-sequence reactance between the 'from' and the 'to' end, seen from the 'from' end.
Same definition as TransformerEnd.xgroundThe description is a free human readable text describing or naming the object. It may be non unique and may not correlate to a naming hierarchy.
The aliasName is free text human readable name of the object alternative to IdentifiedObject.name. It may be non unique and may not correlate to a naming hierarchy.
The attribute aliasName is retained because of backwards compatibility between CIM relases. It is however recommended to replace aliasName with the Name class as aliasName is planned for retirement at a future time.
Master resource identifier issued by a model authority. The mRID is unique within an exchange context. Global uniqueness is easily achieved by using a UUID, as specified in RFC 4122, for the mRID. The use of UUID is strongly recommended.
For CIMXML data files in RDF syntax conforming to IEC 61970-552, the mRID is mapped to rdf:ID or rdf:about attributes that identify CIM object elements.
The name is any free human readable and possibly non unique text naming the object.
Transformer star impedance (Pi-model) that accurately reflects impedance for transformers with 2 or 3 windings. For transformers with 4 or more windings, TransformerMeshImpedance class shall be used.
For transmission networks use PowerTransformerEnd impedances (r, r0, x, x0, b, b0, g and g0).
The description is a free human readable text describing or naming the object. It may be non unique and may not correlate to a naming hierarchy.
Zero sequence series resistance of the transformer end.
Same definition as TransformerEnd.rgroundMaster resource identifier issued by a model authority. The mRID is unique within an exchange context. Global uniqueness is easily achieved by using a UUID, as specified in RFC 4122, for the mRID. The use of UUID is strongly recommended.
For CIMXML data files in RDF syntax conforming to IEC 61970-552, the mRID is mapped to rdf:ID or rdf:about attributes that identify CIM object elements.
The name is any free human readable and possibly non unique text naming the object.
The aliasName is free text human readable name of the object alternative to IdentifiedObject.name. It may be non unique and may not correlate to a naming hierarchy.
The attribute aliasName is retained because of backwards compatibility between CIM relases. It is however recommended to replace aliasName with the Name class as aliasName is planned for retirement at a future time.
Positive sequence series reactance of the transformer end.
Same definition as TransformerEnd.xgroundZero sequence series reactance of the transformer end.
Same definition as TransformerEnd.xgroundThe transformer core admittance. Used to specify the core admittance of a transformer in a manner that can be shared among power transformers.
Magnetizing branch susceptance (B mag). The value can be positive or negative.
nan
Zero sequence magnetizing branch susceptance.
Same definition as TransformerCoreAdmittance.bMagnetizing branch conductance (G mag).
nan
Zero sequence magnetizing branch conductance.
Same definition as TransformerCoreAdmittance.gThe description is a free human readable text describing or naming the object. It may be non unique and may not correlate to a naming hierarchy.
The aliasName is free text human readable name of the object alternative to IdentifiedObject.name. It may be non unique and may not correlate to a naming hierarchy.
The attribute aliasName is retained because of backwards compatibility between CIM relases. It is however recommended to replace aliasName with the Name class as aliasName is planned for retirement at a future time.
Master resource identifier issued by a model authority. The mRID is unique within an exchange context. Global uniqueness is easily achieved by using a UUID, as specified in RFC 4122, for the mRID. The use of UUID is strongly recommended.
For CIMXML data files in RDF syntax conforming to IEC 61970-552, the mRID is mapped to rdf:ID or rdf:about attributes that identify CIM object elements.
The name is any free human readable and possibly non unique text naming the object.
The description is a free human readable text describing or naming the object. It may be non unique and may not correlate to a naming hierarchy.
Magnetizing branch susceptance (B mag). The value can be positive or negative.
Same definition as TransformerCoreAdmittance.bZero sequence magnetizing branch susceptance.
Same definition as TransformerCoreAdmittance.bKind of connection.
Magnetizing branch conductance.
Same definition as TransformerCoreAdmittance.gZero sequence magnetizing branch conductance (star-model).
Same definition as TransformerCoreAdmittance.gTerminal voltage phase angle displacement where 360 degrees are represented with clock hours. The valid values are 0 to 11. For example, for the secondary side end of a transformer with vector group code of 'Dyn11', specify the connection kind as wye with neutral and specify the phase angle of the clock as 11. The clock value of the transformer end number specified as 1, is assumed to be zero. Note the transformer end number is not assumed to be the same as the terminal sequence number.
Resistance (star-model) of the transformer end.
The attribute shall be equal to or greater than zero for non-equivalent transformers.
Zero sequence series resistance (star-model) of the transformer end.
Same definition as TransformerEnd.rgroundNormal apparent power rating.
The attribute shall be a positive value. For a two-winding transformer the values for the high and low voltage sides shall be identical.
nan
Rated voltage: phase-phase for three-phase windings, and either phase-phase or phase-neutral for single-phase windings.
A high voltage side, as given by TransformerEnd.endNumber, shall have a ratedU that is greater than or equal to ratedU for the lower voltage sides.
The attribute shall be a positive value.
Positive sequence series reactance (star-model) of the transformer end.
Same definition as TransformerEnd.xgroundZero sequence series reactance of the transformer end.
Same definition as TransformerEnd.xgroundCore shunt magnetizing susceptance in the saturation region.
Same definition as TransformerEnd.bmagSatNumber for this transformer end, corresponding to the end's order in the power transformer vector group or phase angle clock number. Highest voltage winding should be 1. Each end within a power transformer should have a unique subsequent end number. Note the transformer end number need not match the terminal sequence number.
(for Yn and Zn connections) True if the neutral is solidly grounded.
The reference voltage at which the magnetizing saturation measurements were made.
Same definition as TransformerEnd.magBaseUCore magnetizing saturation curve knee flux level.
Same definition as TransformerEnd.bmagSat(for Yn and Zn connections) Resistance part of neutral impedance where 'grounded' is true.
Same definition as TransformerEnd.rground(for Yn and Zn connections) Reactive part of neutral impedance where 'grounded' is true.
Same definition as TransformerEnd.xgroundThe aliasName is free text human readable name of the object alternative to IdentifiedObject.name. It may be non unique and may not correlate to a naming hierarchy.
The attribute aliasName is retained because of backwards compatibility between CIM relases. It is however recommended to replace aliasName with the Name class as aliasName is planned for retirement at a future time.
Master resource identifier issued by a model authority. The mRID is unique within an exchange context. Global uniqueness is easily achieved by using a UUID, as specified in RFC 4122, for the mRID. The use of UUID is strongly recommended.
For CIMXML data files in RDF syntax conforming to IEC 61970-552, the mRID is mapped to rdf:ID or rdf:about attributes that identify CIM object elements.
The name is any free human readable and possibly non unique text naming the object.
State variable for status.
No Additional ItemsThe highest operating current (Ib in IEC 60909-0) before short circuit (depends on network configuration and relevant reliability philosophy). It is used for calculation of the impedance correction factor KT defined in IEC 60909-0.
nan
The highest operating voltage (Ub in IEC 60909-0) before short circuit. It is used for calculation of the impedance correction factor KT defined in IEC 60909-0. This is worst case voltage on the low side winding (3.7.1 of IEC 60909:2001). Used to define operating conditions.
Same definition as TransformerEnd.magBaseUThe angle of power factor before short circuit (phib in IEC 60909-0). It is used for calculation of the impedance correction factor KT defined in IEC 60909-0. This is the worst case power factor. Used to define operating conditions.
nan
The minimum operating voltage (uQmin in IEC 60909-0) at the high voltage side (Q side) of the unit transformer of the power station unit. A value well established from long-term operating experience of the system. It is used for calculation of the impedance correction factor KG defined in IEC 60909-0.
Same definition as TransformerEnd.magBaseUIndicates whether the machine is part of a power station unit. Used for short circuit data exchange according to IEC 60909. It has an impact on how the correction factors are calculated for transformers, since the transformer is not necessarily part of a synchronous machine and generating unit. It is not always possible to derive this information from the model. This is why the attribute is necessary.
It is used to define if the data (other attributes related to short circuit data exchange) defines long term operational conditions or not. Used for short circuit data exchange according to IEC 60909.
Vector group of the transformer for protective relaying, e.g., Dyn1. For unbalanced transformers, this may not be simply determined from the constituent winding connections and phase angle displacements.
The vectorGroup string consists of the following components in the order listed: high voltage winding connection, mid voltage winding connection (for three winding transformers), phase displacement clock number from 0 to 11, low voltage winding connection
phase displacement clock number from 0 to 11. The winding connections are D (delta), Y (wye), YN (wye with neutral), Z (zigzag), ZN (zigzag with neutral), A (auto transformer). Upper case means the high voltage, lower case mid or low. The high voltage winding always has clock position 0 and is not included in the vector group string. Some examples: YNy0 (two winding wye to wye with no phase displacement), YNd11 (two winding wye to delta with 330 degrees phase displacement), YNyn0d5 (three winding transformer wye with neutral high voltage, wye with neutral mid voltage and no phase displacement, delta low voltage with 150 degrees displacement).
Phase displacement is defined as the angular difference between the phasors representing the voltages between the neutral point (real or imaginary) and the corresponding terminals of two windings, a positive sequence voltage system being applied to the high-voltage terminals, following each other in alphabetical sequence if they are lettered, or in numerical sequence if they are numbered: the phasors are assumed to rotate in a counter-clockwise sense.
The aggregate flag provides an alternative way of representing an aggregated (equivalent) element. It is applicable in cases when the dedicated classes for equivalent equipment do not have all of the attributes necessary to represent the required level of detail. In case the flag is set to “true” the single instance of equipment represents multiple pieces of equipment that have been modelled together as an aggregate equivalent obtained by a network reduction procedure. Examples would be power transformers or synchronous machines operating in parallel modelled as a single aggregate power transformer or aggregate synchronous machine.
The attribute is not used for EquivalentBranch, EquivalentShunt and EquivalentInjection.
The equipment is enabled to participate in network analysis. If unspecified, the value is assumed to be true.
Specifies the availability of the equipment under normal operating conditions. True means the equipment is available for topology processing, which determines if the equipment is energized or not. False means that the equipment is treated by network applications as if it is not in the model.
Specifies the availability of the equipment. True means the equipment is available for topology processing, which determines if the equipment is energized or not. False means that the equipment is treated by network applications as if it is not in the model.
The description is a free human readable text describing or naming the object. It may be non unique and may not correlate to a naming hierarchy.
The aliasName is free text human readable name of the object alternative to IdentifiedObject.name. It may be non unique and may not correlate to a naming hierarchy.
The attribute aliasName is retained because of backwards compatibility between CIM relases. It is however recommended to replace aliasName with the Name class as aliasName is planned for retirement at a future time.
Master resource identifier issued by a model authority. The mRID is unique within an exchange context. Global uniqueness is easily achieved by using a UUID, as specified in RFC 4122, for the mRID. The use of UUID is strongly recommended.
For CIMXML data files in RDF syntax conforming to IEC 61970-552, the mRID is mapped to rdf:ID or rdf:about attributes that identify CIM object elements.
The name is any free human readable and possibly non unique text naming the object.